Eco-friendly plastics are designed to minimize negative environmental impacts. Their main characteristics are as follows:
1. Biodegradability
These plastics are decomposed by microorganisms in the natural environment, reducing environmental pollution. Examples include PLA (Polylactic Acid) and PHA (Polyhydroxyalkanoate).
2. Bio-Based
Plastics made from renewable resources like plant-based materials. This reduces the carbon footprint compared to petroleum-based plastics.
3. Recyclability
Designed to be easily recyclable, these plastics can be reused more readily than traditional plastics.
4. Low Toxicity
They emit fewer harmful chemicals during production and use.
Examples:
โข PLA (Polylactic Acid): A biodegradable plastic made by polymerizing lactic acid derived from corn starch.
โข PHA (Polyhydroxyalkanoate): A natural polyester produced by microorganisms consuming sugars, satisfying both biodegradability and bio-based criteria.
โข Bio-PE (Bio-Polyethylene): Polyethylene made from ethanol derived from renewable resources like sugarcane, with the same physical properties as conventional PE but a smaller carbon footprint.
Eco-friendly plastics aim to protect the environment and promote sustainable development, playing a crucial role in solving plastic waste issues. | 
